Talati model paper and Junior Clerk model paper 15

Talati model paper and Junior Clerk model paper 15

Beginning literacy Decoding: Bottom-up and top-down

Oracy along with print is one important route to literacy.

holistic or top-down approach (through story reading) that promotes visual recognition of whole words or chunks of language must be complemented by bottom-up approaches to letter-sound mapping and print decoding (these skills are presently equated with reading).

A modified phonic approach via rhyming letter chunks (cf. Goswami 1999) significantly reduces the arbitrariness of English spelling (cf. the consistency of the “a” sound in word groups like cat, rat, mat; car, far, star; ball, hall, call; or the predictability of the vowel sounds in the letter sequences it/ite, at/ate, ot/ote). The famous Shavian example (ghoti=fish) arises because of the decontextualisation of letter groups from their syllabic space in the word (initial -gh in English is never pronounced /f/, and the spelling ti is pronounced “sh” only in the sequence –tion). Adams (1990) is a good introduction to these issues.

Pre-literacy oral activities can develop the child’s ability to relate spoken and written language codes through rhymes, commonalities of first sounds in names or words, etc.¹⁴

Click Here DownloadTalati model paper and Junior Clerk mode paper 15

by shikshan jagat